Polyhedral die

Polyhedral dice derive their name from latin meaning "many-sided" -- as opposed to a standard six-sided die.

Polyhedral dice are available in many different variations. Some dice manufacturers sell them in a "set" of standard dice. A typical "set" of polyhedral dice would include:
 * 4-sided (d4)
 * 6-sided (d6)
 * 8-sided (d8)
 * 10-sided x2 (d10 & d100)
 * 12-sided (d12)
 * 20-sided (d20)

These dice are considered common and standard in gaming and used extensively in PnP roleplaying games. Typically a player would maintain a collection of dice and sometimes keep them in a dice bag.

In addition to the "standard" set of dice, dice with less common numeric ranges are sold.

Examples of these include:
 * 30-sided
 * 100-sided